Inopisa inopa Ic chip (Electronic Components IC Semiconductor chip ) XAZU3EG-1SFVC784I

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system-on-chip(SoC)

Asystem pane chipkanasystem-on-chip(SoC) ndiyeIntegrated circuitiyo inobatanidza zvakawanda kana zvese zvikamu zvekombuta kana zvimweelectronic system.Izvi zvikamu zvinenge nguva dzose zvinosanganisira acentral processing unit(CPU),ndangarirointerfaces, pa-chipkupinza/kubudamidziyo,kupinza/kubudainterfaces, uyechechipiri kuchengetedzainterfaces, kazhinji pamwe nezvimwe zvikamu zvakaita seradio modemuye agraphics processing unit(GPU) - zvese pane imwechetesubstratekana microchip.^[1]Inogona kunge inedigital,analogi,yakasanganiswa-chiratidzo, uye kazhinjiradio frequency signal processingmabasa (zvikasadaro inoonekwa chete se processor yekushandisa).

Yepamusoro-inoshanda maSoCs anowanzo kupetwa neakazvitsaurira uye akapatsanurwa mumuviri ndangariro uye yechipiri chengetedzo (sengeLPDDRuyeeUFSkanaeMMC, zvichiteerana) machipisi, anogona kuve akaturikidzana pamusoro peiyo SoC mune inozivikanwa seapasuru pasuru(PoP) kumisikidzwa, kana kuiswa padyo neSoC.Pamusoro pezvo, SoCs inogona kushandisa yakaparadzana isina wayamodem.^[2]

SoCs akasiyana neakajairika echinyakaremotherboard-basedPC zvivakwa, iyo inoparadzanisa zvikamu zvichienderana nebasa uye inozvibatanidza kuburikidza nepakati interfacing circuit board.^{[nb 1]}Ipo bhobhobhobho imba uye inobatanidza zvinobatika kana zvinotsiviwa zvinhu, SoCs inosanganisa zvese izvi zvikamu kuita imwechete yakabatanidzwa dunhu.An SoC inowanzobatanidza CPU, magirafu uye ndangariro nzvimbo,^{[nb 2]}chechipiri kuchengetedza uye USB yekubatanidza,^{[nb 3]} random-kuwanauyekuverenga-chete ndangarirouye chechipiri chekuchengetedza uye / kana vatongi vavo padunhu rimwe chete vanofa, nepo bhodhi reamai raizobatanidza ma modules sediscrete componentskanamakadhi okuwedzera.

Iyo SoC inobatanidza amicrocontroller,microprocessorkana pamwe akati wandei processor cores ane peripherals senge aGPU,Wi-Fiuyecellular networkradio modem, uye/kana imwe kana kupfuuracoprocessors.Zvakafanana nemabatiro anoita microcontroller kubatanidza microprocessor ine peripheral circuits uye ndangariro, SoC inogona kuonekwa sekubatanidza microcontroller ine yakatonyanya kufambira mberi.peripherals.Kuti uwane mhedziso yekubatanidza masisitimu zvikamu, onakubatanidzwa kwehurongwa.

Mamwe madhizaini akabatanidzwa emakombuta system anovandudzaperformanceuye kuderedzakushandiswa kwesimbanaizvozvowosemiconductor kufanzvimbo pane akawanda-chip madhizaini ane mashandiro akaenzana.Izvi zvinouya pamutengo wekuderedzwareplaceabilityyezvikamu.Netsanangudzo, magadzirirwo eSoC akazara kana akada kubatanidzwa zvizere mukati mechikamu chakasiyanamodules.Nekuda kwezvikonzero izvi, kwave kune maitiro akajairwa kune yakasimba kubatanidzwa kwezvikamu mukomputa Hardware industry, muchidimbu nekuda kwesimba reSoCs uye zvidzidzo zvakadzidzwa kubva kunharembozha uye yakamisikidzwa komputa misika.SoCs inogona kutariswa sechikamu chechimiro chakakura chakanangaembedded computinguyehardware acceleration.

SoCs akajairika zvakanyanya mumobile computing(zvakadai semusmartphonesuyetablet makombiyuta) uyeedge computingmarkets.^[3][4]Ivo zvakare vanowanzoshandiswa muembedded systemssenge WiFi routers uye iyoInternet yezvinhu.

Types

Kazhinji, kune matatu akasiyana marudzi eSoCs:

• SoCs yakavakirwa kutenderedza amicrocontroller,
• SoCs yakavakirwa kutenderedza amicroprocessor, kazhinji inowanikwa mumaserura;
• Specializedapplication-specific integrated circuitSoCs yakagadzirirwa chaiyo maapplication ayo asingakwane mumapoka maviri ari pamusoro.

Zvikumbiro[edit]

SoCs inogona kuiswa kune chero basa rekombuta.Nekudaro, iwo anowanzo shandiswa munharembozha senge mahwendefa, mafoni, smartwatches uye netbooks pamwe chete.embedded systemsuye mumashandisirwo ekaremicrocontrollersyaizoshandiswa.

Embedded systems[edit]

Iko kwaimbove mamicrocontrollers chete aigona kushandiswa, maSoCs ari kukwira kune mukurumbira mumusika wakamisikidzwa masisitimu.Tighter system yekubatanidza inopa kuvimbika kuri nani uyekureva nguva pakati pekukundikana, uye maSoCs anopa mamwe epamberi mashandiro uye simba rekombuta pane microcontrollers.^[5]Zvikumbiro zvinosanganisiraAI kukurumidza, yakaiswamuchina kuona,^[6] data collection,telemetry,vector processinguyeambient intelligence.Kazhinji yakamisikidzwa SoCs inonangwa iyointernet yezvinhu,indasitiri internet yezvinhuuyeedge computingmarkets.

Mobile komputa[edit]

Mobile computingyakavakirwa SoCs inogara ichiunganidza processors, ndangariro, pa-chipcaches,wireless networkingkugona uye kazhinjidigital kamerahardware uye firmware.Nekuwedzera kwehukuru hwekurangarira, maSoCs ekupedzisira kazhinji achange asina ndangariro uye flash kuchengetedza uye pachinzvimbo, ndangariro uyeflash memoryichaiswa pedyo, kana pamusoro (pasuru pasuru), iyo SoC.^[7]Mimwe mienzaniso ye mobile computing SoCs inosanganisira:

• Samsung Electronics:list, kazhinji zvichibva paARM
  • Exynos, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya ne Samsung'sGalaxynhevedzano yemafoni emafoni
• Qualcomm:
  • Snapdragon(list), inoshandiswa mune zvakawandaLG,Xiaomi,Google Pixel,HTCuye Samsung Galaxy smartphones.Muna 2018, Snapdragon SoCs iri kushandiswa semusana welaptop makombiyutakumhanyaWindows 10, inotengeswa se "Makombiyuta Anogara Akabatanidzwa".^[8][9]